
Introduction
GrahamBell introduces a global solution to descale and control Proof of Work (PoW) computational power without any centralised control. This solution enables the network to set and restrict mining speeds to CPU thresholds for all independent participants equally and fairly. It pioneers the integration of both open-source and closed-source telecommunications with blockchain consensus, ensuring that PoW blocks are only mined during audio/video calls or when alone in a call room. The primary focus is to address core blockchain and telecom problems, integrate both technologies, and introduce groundbreaking innovations to begin the next chapter in both fields.

Introduction
GrahamBell introduces a global solution to descale and control Proof of Work (PoW) computational power without any centralised control. This solution enables the network to set and restrict mining speeds to CPU thresholds for all independent participants equally and fairly. It pioneers the integration of both open-source and closed-source telecommunications with blockchain consensus, ensuring that PoW blocks are only mined during audio/video calls or when alone in a call room. The primary focus is to address core blockchain and telecom problems, integrate both technologies, and introduce groundbreaking innovations to begin the next chapter in both fields.
Blockchain Problems Targeted
Mining Pool Dominance

Energy Inefficiency

Environmental Damage

Lack of Mass Adoption

Unaffordability

Lack of Security

Unfairness

Inequality

Excess Computational Power

Significant Storage Requirements

Scalability

Centralisation
Telecom Problems Targeted

Lack of Security

Centralisation

No Interoperable Calls

Closed-source development
Blockchain Problems Targeted
Mining Pool Dominance

Energy Inefficiency

Environmental Damage

Lack of Mass Adoption

Unaffordability

Lack of Security

Unfairness

Inequality

Excess Computational Power

Significant Storage Requirements

Scalability

Centralisation
Telecom Problems Targeted

Lack of Security

Centralisation

No Interoperable Calls

Closed-source development
Proof of Witness and Witness Chains – Mine with Everyday Hardware!
Introducing Proof of Witness (PoWit) and Witness Chains (WCs)-two groundbreaking technologies designed to operate in parallel with the traditional Proof of Work (PoW) consensus algorithm. These innovations address the key challenge of excessive computational power used in mining and offer a more efficient, affordable, and environmentally friendly solution, promoting mass adoption, which in turn would greatly assist in increasing scalability. This is achieved through consensus for computational power (hash rate/mining speed).
What they do:
Regulated Mining Speed: PoWit and WCs allow us to restrict the mining speed, setting thresholds as low as one hash per second, minute, or even hour per hardware within the network. This ensures the mining process remains energy-efficient and fair, without overwhelming the network with unnecessary computational power.
Sustainable and Decentralised: By limiting mining speeds and reducing power consumption, we make blockchain technology more affordable, secure, and green. Our platform eliminates the development for large centralised mining pools, promoting a truly decentralised, eco-friendly and mass adopted network.
Open-source Telecom
GrahamBell introduces a new era of internet communication, inspired by the open-source and decentralised nature of blockchain. It encourages and allows participants to develop and host their own custom open-source calling software and servers (e.g., TURN, STUN, Signalling, SFU, MCU, and more), or host community-driven according to their requirements for geographically cascaded, fully decentralised, optimally secure, and interoperable audio/video calls.
Blockchain and Telecom Integration – Mine Blocks Behind Your Calling Sessions!
Users can integrate telecommunication systems with our Layer 1 infrastructure using our new innovation, Proof of Call (PoCall), making them eligible to process transactions, mine blocks, and earn decentralised monetary incentives (in native currency) for the work performed within the blockchain network-but only while actively participating in audio/video calls or call rooms.
Monetising Telecommunications – Introducing Reverse Billing!
Completely independent and outside of the blockchain, our innovative infrastructure, Murphy, goes beyond decentralised mining rewards by incentivising both miners and non-miners for participating in audio/video calls or call rooms on a per-second basis. Users who actively host a valid, registered node will earn higher rewards per second during their audio/video sessions, compared to users with inactive registered nodes or active unregistered nodes. This incentivises users to register, host, and maintain active nodes, encouraging mass adoption and strengthening the network, which in turn helps solve core blockchain challenges.
Earn rewards per second in addition to mining blocks (work performed) during your audio/video calling sessions!
This framework introduces a new era called, “The Reverse Billing System”, where users are rewarded for participation rather than charged for their calls.
Prodigious On-Chain Scalability
The unique innovation of the Shamsi Operating System (SOS) and Single Chain Architecture (SCA) helps the network solve on-chain scalability issues, allowing throughput (transaction speed) per second to continuously increase as mass adoption of nodes grows, without affecting ledger storage requirements. These requirements increase by the same amount each year and remain extremely low for each node, assisting with block validation and confirmation. However, the yearly ledger storage required for fast block acceptance and validation may vary, but it would also remain extremely low, gradually increasing or decreasing over time depending on user adoption. This architecture ensures that our platform achieves optimal on-chain scalability efficiently while requiring significantly less storage compared to other blockchains.
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Let’s build the future with GrahamBell

The day will come when the man at the telephone will be able to see the distant person to whom he is speaking ~ Alexander Graham Bell
Let’s build the future with GrahamBell

The day will come when the man at the telephone will be able to see the distant person to whom he is speaking ~ Alexander Graham Bell